"Propranolol ameliorates and epinephrine exacerbates progression of acute and chronic viral myocarditis"; Wang et al.: experimental model with virus-infected BALB/c mice, found Epinephrine increased

severity of inflammatory cell infiltration & myocardial necrosis induced by EMCV; one dose of epinephrine 120 days after EMCV inoculation caused death in 70% of infected mice vs 33% with propranolol

‘Recent studies point to important interactions between proinflammatory cytokines and neurohumoral mediators in heart failure. Here we investigate the influence of the beta-adrenergic system on cytokines and neurohumoral factors and the sequelae of viral myocarditis. In an experimental model with virus-infected BALB/c mice, we studied the acute and chronic effects of epinephrine and propranolol on myocardial morphology, cytokine gene expression, and survival. BALB/c mice were inoculated with the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) or sham inoculated with saline and followed for 30 days. Epinephrine increased the severity of inflammatory cell infiltration and myocardial necrosis induced by EMCV. Gene expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 was markedly enhanced by epinephrine in EMCV-inoculated mice. Survival rate after 30 days was reduced to 40% in epinephrine-treated EMCV-inoculated mice compared with 70% in untreated EMCV-inoculated mice (P < 0.05). Treatment with the beta-blocker propranolol significantly decreased mortality, myocardial necrosis, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in EMCV-inoculated mice. Propranolol also suppressed gene expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10. A single dose of epinephrine 120 days after EMCV inoculation caused sudden death in 70% of infected mice; propranolol significantly reduced incidence of death to 33%. These results indicate that acute and chronic stages of viral myocarditis are modulated by the beta-adrenergic system and its interactions with proinflammatory cytokines.’

SOURCE:

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15923319/

Drs. Avery Brinkley and Stephanie Seneff adds depth in our discussion as to why we are seeing young male athletes suddenly dying of cardiac complications post COVID shot. The issue is the myocarditis due to the shot, not virus, and the impact that surges in adrenaline and epinephrine has on sudden death about 4-5 months post shot. Very intriguing. This rodent model seems to connect the dots and add at least a partial explanation.

“The article involves an experiment with mice where they exposed the mice
to a virus that causes myocarditis, and then injected them with an
adrenaline shot 120 days later.  All the mice died.

The control group (without myocarditis) all survived the shot, and did
not have any serious cardiac symptoms following it.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15923319/
Propranolol ameliorates and epinephrine exacerbates progression of acute
and chronic viral myocarditis”.